Vitamin D - Sources, RDA, Functions, Uses, Deficiency, Disadvantages

Structure Of Vit D

 

Sources / Form of D:

• Obtain from plant source
• Vitamins D3 is Chol-calciferol (animal origin Vitamins-D)
• Both VitaminsD aresecosteroid (breaking steroids)
• Cyclo pentane phenanthrene ring (ring structure of steroids) 3 six membered and 15     membered)

• In the presence of sunlight the 2nd ring will be break (C9,C10) then Vitamins D will be open and this causes result of activation of Vitamins D for all form
• It is present in animals (human) and plant in pro-Vitamins (proVitamins-D2 and Pro Vitamins D3) which are the processors of Vitamins-D
• Pro Vitamins D3 called 7 dehydrocholesterol (animal origin)
• Pro Vitamins D2 called Ergosterol (plant Origin)
• In human outer membrane Vitamins D is present in precauses / Pro form and more creative and more melanin indicate Vitamins D deficiency.

Difference b/w D3 and D2

D2:    Side chain contain double bond
D3:    Side chain doesn’t contain double bond
D2:    has 28 carbons
D3:    has 27 carbons

Sources of Vitamins D:

• Poor quantity in plants
• High quantity in Fatty fish

Importance:

• Important for absorption of CA+2
• Along with CA+ it is also require for balance of phosphate
• They increase calcibindin (cal-bindix0 protein with bind CA+ and moves it through intestine to blood (transport CA+)
• It also increase ATPase Ca/H C transport pump which take CA+ inside and H outside.

Calcitriol:

Calcitriol

• Addition of 3 OH group
• Calcitriol is the form which is incresecalcibindix
• It also increaseATpaseCa/H actiVitamins

• D3 first in liver where hydroxlyzation at 25C of C25. Calcidiol Enzyme is 25th hydroxylase present in liver.

• This calcidiol goes to kidney, in kidney 1 hydrooxylase is present which again cause hydroxylazation and cause form of calcitriol.

• 1 hydroxylase is present in proximal tubule

• This enzyme is als o increase by PTH (parathyroid hormone) it increase? CA+ in blood.

• When there is hypocatumia then there would be more action of PTH of simply Calcitriol is Stimulated by PTH

How CA+ is absorbed:

Mechanism
Vitamins-D is steroid, goes to nucleus, it inducies production of gene C calcibindin

Deficiency:

• More creatine and more melamine indicate deficiency

• Rickets: Bones soft and deform, Vitamins D deficiency in children And in adult

RDS:

        10µg
        1µg = 40ITU g Vitamins D
        Upper intake limit = 400 I-U

Reason of Vitamins Deficiency:

• Decrease food intake
• Decrease exposure of sunlight
• Destric surgery
• Destric catabolism by some grug phenytoin >>Antipilaptic. It is α enzyme induces
• Renal disease
• Dialysis is also causes all Vitamins-D Deficiency in body

Side Effects of Vitamins D / HyperVitaminsosis:

1    Ca+ will deposit in soft tissue e.g; heart, lungs, kidney stone, clarification occur